Surgeons and general physicians are separated only through the residency program they chose after medical school. According to the Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics a surgeon's general duties are the treatment of injury, disease and deformity through surgery. There are many surgical specializations, some heavily reliant on surgery and others, less so. This leads to many surgeon-related jobs in the field of medicine.

Anesthesiologists

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, anesthesiologists are responsible for administering anesthetics to patients during surgery and other medical procedures. Surgeons and anesthesiologists work hand in hand, making anesthesiologists a vital part of the surgery and operating procedures. As another type of physician, anesthesiologists have the same educational background as surgeons but differ in residency specialization. Anesthesiologists make an average annual salary of $211,750, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Obstetricians

Obstetricians normally receive concurrent training in gynecology. As physicians, obstetricians also have the same educational training as a surgeon, differing in residencies after medical school and the requirement to become certified with the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology, according to State University. Commonly known as an Ob/Gyn, these physicians have specialized training in pregnancy management, prenatal care, labor and the time after delivery. Obstetricians are able to handle the surgical form of a C-section, which relates back to surgeons and anesthesiologists. An Ob/Gyn also works with the medical care of patients regarding STDs, Pap smears, family planning advice and may have further specialties, including infertility and operative gynecology, according to State University. The average obstetrician makes $192,780.

Operating Room Nurses

Operating room (OR) nurses are registered nurses who specialize in operating room procedures. According to Kansas Heart Hospital, the OR nurse is responsible for planning, executing, directing and evaluating the nursing care giving to a patient who will be undergoing surgery from pre to post operative care. Working with the surgeon, the operating room nurse plays an important, hands-on role in the patient’s care. There average annual salary is $65,138.